Golda MABOVITCHAge: 80 years1898–1978
- Name
- Golda MABOVITCH
- Given names
- Golda
- Surname
- MABOVITCH
- Hebrew
- גולדה מבוביץ
- Married name
- Golda MEYERSON
- Married name
- Golda MEIR
Birth | May 3, 1898 (Iyar 11, 5658) |
Immigration | 1906 (5666) (Age 7 years) Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA - מילווקיי, ארה"ב |
Marriage | Morris MEYERSON — View this family December 24, 1917 (Tevet 9, 5678) (Age 19 years) |
Immigration | 1921 (5681) (Age 22 years) Kibbutz Merhavia, Eretz Israel (British Mandate) - קבוץ מרחביה, ארץ-ישראל |
Birth of a son #1 | Menahem MEIR 1924 (5684) (Age 25 years) Jerusalem, Eretz Israel (British Mandate) - ירושלים, ארץ-ישראל |
Birth of a daughter #2 | Sarah MEIR May 17, 1926 (Sivan 4, 5686) (Age 28 years) Jerusalem, Eretz Israel (British Mandate) - ירושלים, ארץ ישראל |
Death of a father | Moshe Yitzhak MABOVITCH 1944 (5704) (Age 45 years) Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA - מילווקיי, ארה"ב |
Occupation | Israeli Ambassador to USSR between 1948 (5708) and 1949 (5709) (Age 49 years)Moscow, Russia (USSR) - מוסקבה, רוסיה-ברית המועצות Employer: State of Israel Note: Carrying the first Israeli-issued passport,Golda Meir was appointed Israel's ambassador to the Soviet Union. During her brief stint there, which ended in 1949, she attended high holiday services at the synagogue in Moscow, where she was mobbed by thousands of Russian Jews chanting her name. The Israeli 10,000 shekel banknote issued in November 1984 bore a portrait of Meir on one side and the image of the crowd that turned out to cheer her in Moscow on the other. |
Death of a husband | Morris MEYERSON 1951 (5711) (Age 52 years) Israel - ישראל |
Death of a mother | Blume NEIDITCH 1951 (5711) (Age 52 years) Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA - מילווקיי, ארה"ב |
Occupation | Prime Minister between February 1969 (Shevat 5729) and June 1974 (Sivan 5734) (Age 70 years)Jerusalem, Israel - ראש ממשלת ירשאל Address: 3 Kaplan St. Hakirya,
Jerusalem 91950
Israel Employer: State of Israel |
Death | December 8, 1978 (Kislev 8, 5739) (Age 80 years) Jerusalem, Israel - ירושלים, ישראל Note: Burial at Mt. Herzl Cemetery, Jerusalem |
Family with parents |
father |
Moshe Yitzhak MABOVITCH משה יצחק מבוביץ Birth: Kiev, Russia (Ukraine) Death: 1944 (5704) — Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA |
mother |
|
herself |
Golda MABOVITCH גולדה מבוביץ Birth: May 3, 1898 (Iyar 11, 5658) — Kiev, Russia (Ukraine) Death: December 8, 1978 (Kislev 8, 5739) — Jerusalem, Israel |
Family with Morris MEYERSON |
husband |
Morris MEYERSON מוריס מאירסון Birth: December 17, 1893 (Tevet 8, 5654) 33 33 — Chicago, Illinois, USA Death: 1951 (5711) — Israel |
herself |
Golda MABOVITCH גולדה מבוביץ Birth: May 3, 1898 (Iyar 11, 5658) — Kiev, Russia (Ukraine) Death: December 8, 1978 (Kislev 8, 5739) — Jerusalem, Israel |
Marriage: December 24, 1917 (Tevet 9, 5678) — Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA |
|
7 years son |
Menahem MEIR מנחם מאיר Birth: 1924 (5684) 30 25 — Jerusalem, Eretz Israel (British Mandate) Death: December 14, 2014 (Kislev 22, 5775) — Tel Aviv, Israel |
2 years daughter |
Sarah MEIR שרה מאיר Birth: May 17, 1926 (Sivan 4, 5686) 32 28 — Jerusalem, Eretz Israel (British Mandate) Death: January 30, 2010 (Shevat 15, 5770) — Kibbutz Revivim, Israel |
Source | Stella Baldev - Personal Testimony Publication: Email from Stella Baldev, September 2010
sbaldev@comcast.net |
Source | Geni Website Publication: http://www.geni.com/home Citation details: Gila Hoffenberg |
Occupation | Carrying the first Israeli-issued passport,Golda Meir was appointed Israel's ambassador to the Soviet Union. During her brief stint there, which ended in 1949, she attended high holiday services at the synagogue in Moscow, where she was mobbed by thousands of Russian Jews chanting her name. The Israeli 10,000 shekel banknote issued in November 1984 bore a portrait of Meir on one side and the image of the crowd that turned out to cheer her in Moscow on the other. |
Occupation | After Levi Eshkol's sudden death on 26 February 1969, the party elected Meir as his successor. Meir came out of retirement to take office on 17 March 1969, serving as prime minister until 1974. Meir maintained the coalition government formed in 1967, after the Six-Day War, in which Mapai merged with two other parties (Rafi and Ahdut HaAvoda) to form the Israel Labour party.
In 1969 and the early 1970s, Meir met with many world leaders to promote her vision of peace in the Middle East, including Richard Nixon (1969), Nicolae Ceausescu (1972) and Pope Paul VI (1973). In 1973, she hosted the chancellor of West Germany, Willy Brandt in Israel.
In August 1970, Meir accepted a U.S. peace initiative that called for an end to the War of Attrition and an Israeli pledge to withdraw to "secure and recognized boundaries" in the framework of a comprehensive peace settlement. The Gahal party quit the national unity government in protest, but Meir continued to lead the remaining coalition.
Munich Olympics
In the wake of the Munich massacre at the 1972 Summer Olympics, Meir appealed to the world to "save our citizens and condemn the unspeakable criminal acts committed." Outraged at the perceived lack of global action, she ordered the Mossad to hunt down and assassinate the Black September and PFLP operatives who took part in the massacre.
Dispute with Austria
During the 1960s Russian-Jewish emigrants were allowed to leave the Soviet Union for Israel by way of Austria. When three of these emigrants where taken hostage at the Austria-Czechoslovakian border by Palestinian terrorists in September 1973, Austrian Chancellor Bruno Kreisky closed the transition camp in Schönau, Lower Austria. When Meir tried to convince Kreisky to change his decision a few days later in Vienna by reminding him of his own Jewish origin, the Chancellor became very emotional and reminded Meir of his responsibility for Austrian security. A few months later Austria opened a new transition camp.
Yom Kippur War
In the days leading up to the Yom Kippur War, Israeli intelligence was not able to determine conclusively that an attack was imminent. However, on 5 October 1973, Meir received official news that Syrian forces were massing on the Golan Heights. The prime minister was alarmed by the reports, and felt that the situation reminded her of what happened before the Six Day War. Her advisers, however, assured her not to worry, saying that they would have adequate notice before a war broke out. This made sense at the time, since after the Six Day War, most Israelis felt it unlikely that Arabs would attack again. Consequently, although a resolution was passed granting her power to demand a full-scale call-up of the military (instead of the typical cabinet decision), Meir did not mobilize Israel's forces early. Soon, though, war became very clear. Six hours before the outbreak of hostilities, Meir met with Minister of Defense Moshe Dayan and general David Elazar. While Dayan continued to argue that war was unlikely and thus was in favor of calling up the air force and only two divisions, Elazar advocated launching a full-scale pre-emptive strike on Syrian forces.
Meir sided with Dayan, citing Israel's need for foreign aid. She believed that Israel could not depend on European countries to supply Israel with military equipment, and the only country that might come to Israel's assistance was the United States. Fearing that the U.S. would be wary of intervening if Israel were perceived as initiating the hostilities, Meir decided against a pre-emptive strike. She made it a priority to inform Washington of her decision. Then-U.S. Secretary of State Henry Kissinger later confirmed Meir's assessment by stating that if Israel had launched a pre-emptive strike, Israel would not have received "so much as a nail."
Resignation
Following the Yom Kippur War, Meir's government was plagued by in-fighting and questions over Israel's lack of preparedness for the war. The Agranat Commission appointed to investigate the war cleared her of "direct responsibility", and related to her actions on Yom Kippur morning;
“ she decided wisely, with common sense and speedily, in favour of the full mobilization of the reserves, as recommended by the chief-of-staff, despite weighty political considerations, thereby performing a most important service for the defence of the state.”
Her party won the elections in December 1973, but she resigned on 11 April 1974, bowing to what she felt was the "will of the people." and what she felt was a sufficient premiership as well as the pending pressures of forming a coalition; "Five years are sufficient...It is beyond my strength to continue carrying this burden." Yitzhak Rabin succeeded her on 3 June 1974.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golda_Meir
http://www.pmo.gov.il/PMOEng/History/FormerPrimeMinister/GoldaMeir.htm |
Death | Burial at Mt. Herzl Cemetery, Jerusalem |
Note | Biography of Golda Meir
1898 - On May 3, Golda Meir is born Goldie Mabovitch in Kiev, Ukraine. It is here, early in her life, where she first witnesses the anti-Semitism that would greatly influence the course of her life.
1903 - Golda's family moves to Pinsk. Her father Moshe departs for the United States and settles in Milwaukee. He plans to send for his family once he is established in America.
1906 - Golda, her mother and her sisters join her father in America. Golda attends the Fourth Street School, which is later named after her.
1908 - While in the fourth grade, Golda and some friends form the American Young Sisters Society to raise money to help students who cannot afford to buy textbooks. Golda Meir in 8th grade at 4th St. Elementary School in Milwaukee
1912 - Golda begins attending North Division High School after graduating from the Fourth Street School.
1913 - After a disagreement with her parents over her decision to become a teacher, Golda runs away from home to her sister Sheyna's home in Denver. While living there, she becomes witness to many debates on issues of Zionism, trade unions and women's suffrage. She later says that her life in Denver was the most influential period in her life. Golda also meets and begins dating Morris Myerson.
1914 - Golda moves back to Milwaukee and reenters North Division High School.
1915 - Golda graduates from North Division High School.
1916 - Golda attends Wisconsin State Normal School in Milwaukee with plans to become a teacher. She attends for only one year. During that year, she also teaches at a Yiddish school in Milwaukee and joins the Poalei Zion (Labor Zionists) organization.
1917 - On December 24, Golda marries Morris Myerson in her parents' home.
1918 - Golda attends the first convention of the American Jewish Congress. She travels to the Philadelphia meeting as a delegate from Milwaukee. She later considers this event the beginning of her political career.
1924 - The Myerson's first child, Menahem, is born in Tel Aviv. Shortly afterwards, they move to Jerusalem.
1926 - Golda's daughter Sara is born in Jerusalem.
1928 - Golda becomes Secretary of the Moatzot Poalot, the Women's Labor Council. This is her first public position. She and Morris separate and Golda moves to Tel Aviv.
1930 - Golda is one of the founders of Mapai (the Labor Party of the Land of Israel).
1932 - Golda travels to the United States to get medical treatment for daughter Sarah's kidney illness. While in the US, she travels extensively on a speaking and fundraising tour for the Pioneer Women's Organization of America.
1934 - On her return to Palestine, Golda is elected to the Executive Committee of Histadrut, the General Federation of Jewish Labor (Zionist Labour Union).
1938 - Golda is named the "Jewish Observer from Palestine" to the International Conference on Refugees in Evian-les-Bains, France. Despite the increase of the persecution of Jews in Europe, the British close Palestine to Jewish immigration.
1939 - The Second World War begins.
1940 - Although there is no official divorce, Golda and Morris formally end their marriage. Golda becomes head of Histadrut's Political Department and actively involves herself in the struggle against the restrictive British policy regarding Jewish immigration to Palestine. Golda also becomes involved with Haganah, the underground army of Palestine.
1944 - Golda's father Moshe passes away.
1945 - The Second World War ends.
1946 - Golda is appointed acting head, then later head of the Jewish Agency's Political Department, the de facto "government" of the Jewish community in Palestine. Golda becomes involved in a fast to protest the detention of refugees headed to Palestine aboard two ships in Italy.
1947 - The United Nations votes to partition Palestine into an Arab state and a Jewish state. Golda has her first secret meeting with King Abdullah of Jordan.
1948 - Golda, again, meets secretly with King Abdullah. On May 14, Israel 's independence is declared. The ceremony takes place in Tel Aviv and Golda is one of the dignitaries who signs the document. Golda then travels to America to raise funds to help support the new Jewish state. She is enormously successful, generating pledges of some $50 million. She is also named Israeli Ambassador to Russia.
1949 - Golda is elected to the first Knesset, the Israeli Parliament from the Mapai party. Prime Minister Ben-Gurion invites her to be Deputy Prime Minister. She declines and is named Minister of Labour and Development on April 20.
1951 - Golda's husband Morris and her mother Blume pass away.
1956 - In support of the idea that Israeli leaders should Hebraise their names, Golda becomes Golda Meir (to illuminate). She is appointed Foreign Minister. She occupies that position during the 1956 Suez crisis and serves until 1966.
1960 - When Argentina complains to the United Nations' Security Council that Israel violated its sovereignty when it abducted Adolph Eichmann and returned him to Israel for trial, Golda addresses the Council with a moving speech on the Holocaust. Eventually, Eichmann is tried for war crimes in Israel.
1965 - Citing personal reasons, as well as ongoing health problems, Golda declines Prime Minister Levi Eshkol's offer to become Deputy Prime Minister and announces her plans to retire from political service.
1966 - While still retaining her seat in the Knesset, Golda leaves her position as Foreign Minister. While in her retirement, she becomes the Secretary-General of her party, Mapai, in an effort to unify factions of the Labour party alliance.
1967 - On June 5, the Six-Day War begins.
1968 - Golda leaves her position as party Secretary-General, and the War of Attrition with Egypt begins.
1969 - On March 17, Golda becomes Prime Minister of Israel.
1970 - A cease-fire is called in the War of Attrition with Egypt. Golda begins meetings with King Hussein of Jordan and President Sadat of Egypt.
1971 - Time names Golda "The Most Admired Woman in America."
1972 - As Prime Minister, Golda is faced with the massacre of eleven Israeli athletes during the Munich Olympics. As a response, she orders the creation of assassination teams to hunt down the members of the Black September movement who were responsible for the attack.
1973 - Golda announces her plans to retire in October following the elections. However, on October 6, the Yom Kippur War begins, and she remains in office.
1974 - On April 10, Golda again announces her plans to retire. She leaves office on June 4. She also ends her 25-year stay in the Knesset.
1975 - Golda publishes her autobiography My Life.
1977 - While on a visit to the United States, Golda is called to Jerusalem for the historic state visit of Egyptian President Anwar Sadat. Sadat would later say that he preferred to deal with Golda, stating "the Old Lady…she has guts, really." Golda Meir's coffin in front of Knesset
1978 - Golda is hospitalised in Jerusalem's Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center. She dies on December 8, at 4:30 p.m. She is buried at Mount Herzl National Cemetery in Jerusalem.
http://goldameir.org.il/archive/home/en/100.html
http://www4.uwm.edu/libraries/digilib/Golda/records/biography.cfm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golda_Meir |